What does the term "latency" refer to in AV systems?

Latency in AV systems specifically refers to the delay that occurs between the moment an input signal is generated and the moment the corresponding output is produced. This concept is crucial in audio and video systems, where synchronization is essential for achieving a seamless experience. For example, in live audio production, if there is significant latency, the sound that a performer hears might arrive later than the sound that the audience hears, leading to confusion and potential performance issues. Similarly, in video systems, latency can cause desynchronization between audio and video, resulting in a noticeable lag that detracts from the overall viewing experience.

Understanding latency helps AV professionals design systems that minimize delays and ensure that inputs and outputs are closely aligned, which is vital for quality, especially in real-time applications like broadcasting, conferencing, and live events.