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The term "bandwidth" in audio and video systems specifically refers to the range of frequencies that a system can transmit or process effectively. This concept is crucial because it determines the quality and fidelity of the audio or video output. In audio systems, bandwidth indicates the spectrum of sound frequencies that can be captured and reproduced, affecting how accurately sounds are represented, from low bass notes to high treble. Similarly, in video systems, the bandwidth influences the resolution, frame rate, and overall detail that can be conveyed in the visual output.

While there are other important factors in audio and video technology, such as the maximum amplitude levels or file storage capacities, they do not define bandwidth. The speed of data transfer, while related, is different from the range of frequencies and relates to network performance rather than the frequency response of audio and video systems. Understanding bandwidth is essential for ensuring that both audio and video systems are capable of delivering high-quality and reliable performance.